what foods should a dog with kidney disease eat
What Foods Should A Dog With Kidney Disease Eat?
Dogs are susceptible to contracting many diseases that also affect us, since there are very few diseases that can only be diagnosed in humans. As your dog ages, there will come a time when you must pay closer attention to its care and plan some dietary and hygiene measures. This done with the end goal of preventing common diseases among older dogs and improving your dog's quality of life. If your dog suffers from kidney problems you need to offer it a specific dog with renal failure diet.
Kidney problems are common in dogs, making it very important to be aware of the symptoms of kidney disease in dogs and know how to ease it. This is why in this AnimalWised article we'll go over the best food for dogs with kidney failure problems.
Dogs with kidney disease
Like us humans, a dog's kidney aim to filter out the body's waste through urine. Kidneys are also responsible for balancing out the body's blood pressure and electrolytes. In addition, a dog's kidneys aim to:
- Promote red blood cell production.
- Maintain salt and water concentrations.
- Help a dog's calcium metabolism.
- Keep up phosphorous levels.
With all of these responsibilities and considering the necessary function of a dog's kidneys, if they fail it can result in severe illness.
A dog can suffer from acute or chronic kidney failure. Acute kidney failure can often be treated. Chronic kidney failure in dogs, however, only shows symptoms after a period of time and is more difficult to diagnose. For more, we recommend reading our article on kidney failure in dogs: symptoms and treatment.
Dogs with kidney disease: symptoms
In order to offer your dog with kidney failure the adequate diet, it is equally important to be aware of the symptoms of kidney failure in dogs. Dogs with kidney disease symptoms include:
- Polyuria: A dog urinating more is one of the most common symptoms of kidney disease, but it can also be the case that the dog stops urinating completely (anuria).
- Poldipsia: to compensate for the elimination of fluids, the dog drinks more water.
- Vomiting and diarrhea, sometimes even with hemorrhage.
- Blindness.
- Dehydration.
- Thinning and, in general, poor appearance, poor body condition and muscle weakness.
- Anorexia.
- Ulcers in the oral cavity and/or bad smell.
- There may also be ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen) and edema (fluid in the extremities).
- State of shock and, in the last stages, coma.
If your dog is suffering kidney damage, it's important to be able to spot whether it is acute or chronic. The symptoms vary depending on whether kidney failure is acute or chronic:
Symptoms of acute kidney failure:
- Complete loss of appetite
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Reduction in urine production
- Disorientation
- Uncoordinated movements
- Physical weakness
Symptoms of chronic kidney failure:
- Reduction in urine production
- No urine
- Bloody urine
- Poor quality fur
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hunched posture
- Bad breath
- Mouth sores
- Dehydration
- Weakness
- Swelling as a result of fluid retention
Kidney failure is a serious condition in dogs since it affects a vital organ, and as such it requires urgent treatment. This treatment will include changes in your pet's normal diet.
Kidney failure in dogs: diet
As we already mentioned, kidney failure in dogs can be acute or chronic. The acute form can carry a high risk of mortality, although it is reversible. Chronic kidney failure, however, entails irreversible kidney tissue damage.
Under normal conditions, the toxins that circulate in the blood are dissolved in water through the kidney, and are then duly filtered and subsequently excreted via urine. However, with kidney failure the kidney requires a greater quantity of water in order to excrete the same amount of toxins. There comes a point in which maximum hydration isn't sufficient for the kidney to withstand the normal workload, and the toxins in the bloodstream increase.
Many of these toxins come from the environment, while others come from the metabolism of particular nutrients such as proteins; this process generates ammonia, a toxic substance that needs to be converted into urea in order to be excreted through urine.
As always, food is one of the most influential factors for health. Diet is particularly important for dogs with kidney failure, so you should avoid certain foods and make sure that your friends receives enough calories for to maintain its body weight.
Dogs with kidney disease: diet
When giving food to dogs suffering with kidney failure, the main aim is to reduce the workload of the kidneys. This is because now a dog's kidneys are no longer able to adequately filter all toxins and keep the dog at a healthy weight. By doing this one aims to prevent a state of malnutrition in the dog.
A dog with renal failure diet should meet the following requirements:
- It should be low in sodium and phosphorus.
- The diet should contain proteins of high biological value - rich in essential amino acids - but in moderate portions.
- Hydration should be of optimum importance. As such, the dog should always have fresh and clean water available, and it will have a preference for wet food.
A diet that meets these principles can be given both through dog food - or homemade dog food, with much debate existing over which is the best method.
Dog kidney disease diet: homemade
There are specific dog foods that are perfectly suited to the nutritional requirements of dogs with kidney failure. However, some experts believe that the best food in such cases is that made at home, and that dog food should only be offered as a supplement.
It's important that you seek advise from the vet. A professional will be able to advise you on how to give your dog the best food for kidney failure whilst taking into account your dog's individual case.
If the decision is finally made to feed your dog with renal failure homemade diet, you should avoid incorporating these below mentioned foods; owing to their high levels of phosphorus. Don't give a dog with kidney failure:
- Milk and dairy products
- Fish
- Pig liver
- Chocolate
- Walnuts
- Legumes
- Eggs
- York ham
- Bacon
- Sausage
On the other hand, the following foods should be included in your dog with kidney disease homemade diet:
- Boiled rice
- Chicken
- Carrots
- Very lean beef
- Peas
In any case, it will be the vet or canine nutritionist who will you exactly how to provide your dog with all the nutritional requirements. This can be done through dog kidney failure diet recipe, traditional store-bought dog food or a home-made dog food diet, adapted to your dog's specific case[2].
For more, we recommend reading our article on: homemade diet for dogs with kidney failure.
Dog with kidney disease not eating
If your dog is suffering from kidney disease, has been offered the above dog kidney failure diet recipe and is still not eating: consult a veterinarian immediately. A veterinarian dealing with a dog with kidney disease not eating might provide your dog with an appetite stimulant and/or fluids.
Dog with kidney disease life expectancy
Kidney disease in dogs is more common in older dogs. The life expectancy for a dog with kidney disease will depend on whether the kidney disease is acute or chronic. Additionally, life expectancy for dogs with kidney failure will depend on the dog's specific case, breed, size and treatment. Offering a dog with kidney failure the adequate diet will not cure the problem, but it can help your dog live a more comfortable life. For more on your dog with kidney disease life expectancy, consult your veterinarian.
If you want to read similar articles to What Foods Should A Dog With Kidney Disease Eat?, we recommend you visit our Homemade diets category.
References
The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease
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If you have kidney disease, you may need to follow a special diet, usually low in sodium, phosphorus, and potassium. This may not heal your kidneys, but it can help make them healthier.
When your kidneys arent working properly, waste builds up in the blood, including waste products from food. People with kidney disease can benefit from following a special diet known as a renal diet.
Here, we look at 20 of the best foods for people with kidney disease.
Dietary restrictions vary depending on the level of kidney damage. People with later-stage kidney disease will have
At any stage, the diet will need to boost kidney function while
While dietary restrictions vary, people with kidney disease typically need to restrict the following nutrients. The kidneys may have difficulty removing or processing these nutrients, and high levels can cause damage to the body.
Since kidney disease has close links with heart disease, its best to combine these choices with a heart-healthy diet one that contains plenty of fresh, plant-based foods and is low in saturated fats.
Everyones experience of kidney disease varies, so its important to talk with a doctor about your individual dietary needs.
Here are 20 foods that may improve kidney health or prevent it from worsening:
Cauliflower provides many nutrients, including vitamin K, folate, and fiber. It
Try mashed cauliflower in place of potato for a low potassium side dish.
One-half cup or about 62 grams (g) of boiled cauliflower without salt
- sodium: 9.3 milligrams (mg)
- potassium: 88 mg
- phosphorus: 20 mg
- protein: 1 g
Blueberries are rich in nutrients and antioxidants known as anthocyanins, which
Theyre also low in sodium, phosphorus, and potassium.
One cup (148 g) of fresh blueberries
- sodium: 1.5 mg
- potassium: 114 mg
- phosphorus: 18 mg
- protein: 1 g
Sea bass is a fish option that provides high quality protein. It also contains healthy fats called omega-3s. Omega-3s
Three ounces (85 g) of cooked sea bass
- sodium: 74 mg
- potassium: 279 mg
- phosphorus: 211 mg
- protein: 20 g
However, the
One portion is 23 ounces of chicken, fish, or meat, or a piece around the size of a deck of cards.
Red grapes are a
One half-cup (75 g) of red grapes
- sodium: 1.5 mg
- potassium: 144 mg
- phosphorus: 15 mg
- protein: 0.5 g
Egg whites provide a high quality, kidney-friendly source of protein that is low in phosphorus.
Egg whites may be a better choice than whole eggs for people on a renal diet, as egg yolks
Two large, raw egg whites (66 g)
- sodium: 110 mg
- potassium: 108 mg
- phosphorus: 10 mg
- protein: 7 g
Garlic provides a tasty alternative to salt, adding flavor to dishes while also providing nutritional benefits.
Its a good source of manganese and vitamin B6. It also
Three cloves (9 g) of garlic
- sodium: 1.5 mg
- potassium: 36 mg
- phosphorus: 14 mg
- protein: 0.5 g
Buckwheat is a whole grain thats low in potassium. It also contains B vitamins, magnesium, iron, and fiber.
Its also gluten-free, making it suitable for people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance.
A half cup (85 g) of buckwheat
- sodium: 0.8 mg
- potassium: 391 mg
- phosphorus: 295 mg
- protein: 11 g
Olive oil is a healthy source of vitamin E and mostly unsaturated fat. Its also phosphorus-free, making it a suitable option for people with kidney disease.
Most of the fat in olive oil is oleic acid,
Whats more, monounsaturated fats are stable at high temperatures, making olive oil a healthy choice for cooking.
One tablespoon (14 g) of olive oil
- sodium: 0.3 mg
- potassium: 0.1 mg
- phosphorus: 0 mg
- protein: 0 g
Bulgur is a whole grain wheat product and a kidney-friendly alternative to other whole grains that are higher in potassium and phosphorus.
Bulgur provides B vitamins, magnesium, and iron, as well as plant-based protein and fiber, which is important for digestive health.
A half-cup (70 g) serving of cooked bulgur
- sodium: 154 mg
- potassium: 48 mg
- phosphorus: 28 mg
- protein: 2 g
Cabbage belongs to the cruciferous vegetable family and provides vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant compounds.
The authors of a
- manage blood sugar
- reduce the risk of kidney and liver damage
- prevent oxidative stress and obesity
A cup (70 g) of shredded savoy cabbage
- sodium: 20 mg
- potassium: 161 mg
- phosphorus: 29 mg
- protein: 1.4 g
Skinless chicken breast has less fat and phosphorus than chicken with the skin on.
One cup (140 g) of cooked, skinless chicken breast
- sodium: 104 mg
- potassium: 358 mg
- phosphorus: 319 mg
- protein: 43 g
Bell peppers are high in vitamins A and C and other antioxidants but low in potassium.
These nutrients are important for immune function, which is
One medium red pepper (100 g)
- sodium: less than 2.5 mg
- potassium: 213 mg
- phosphorus: 27 mg
- protein: 1 g
Reducing salt can be challenging, but onions are one way of providing sodium-free flavor to renal diet dishes.
Sauting onions with garlic, olive oil, and herbs can add flavor to dishes without compromising your kidney health.
Onions provide vitamin C, manganese, and B vitamins, including folate. They
One small onion (70 g)
- sodium: 3 mg
- potassium: 102 mg
- phosphorus: 20 mg
- protein: 0.8 g
Arugula is a flavorful and nutrient-dense green that is low in potassium, making it a good choice for kidney-friendly salads and side dishes.
Arugula provides vitamin K, manganese, and calcium, all of which are important for bone health.
This nutritious green also contains nitrates, which can lower blood pressure an important benefit for those with kidney disease.
One cup (20 g) of raw arugula
- sodium: 5 mg
- potassium: 74 mg
- phosphorus: 10 mg
- protein: 0.5 g
Most nuts are high in phosphorus and are not suitable if youre following a renal diet.
But macadamia nuts are a delicious option for people with kidney problems. Theyre lower in potassium and phosphorus than peanuts or almonds.
They also provide calcium, healthy fats, folate, magnesium, copper, iron, and manganese.
One ounce (28 g) of macadamia nuts
- sodium: 1.4 mg
- potassium: 104 mg
- phosphorus: 53 mg
- protein: 2 g
Radishes are crunchy vegetables that make a nutritious addition to a renal diet. Theyre very low in potassium and phosphorus but contain other important nutrients, such as folate and vitamin A.
Their peppery taste makes a flavorful addition to low sodium dishes.
A half cup (58 g) of sliced radishes
- sodium: 23 mg
- potassium: 135 mg
- phosphorus: 12 mg
- protein: 0.4 g
Turnips are root vegetables that provide fiber, vitamin C, vitamin B6, and manganese.
They can be roasted or boiled and mashed for a healthy side dish that works well for a renal diet. Alternatively, serve raw, grated turnips with a salad or add them to a winter stew.
A half-cup (80 g) of cooked turnip cubes
- sodium: 160 mg
- potassium: 159 mg
- phosphorus: 22 mg
- protein: 1 g
Pineapple can make a sweet treat for people with kidney conditions. Its lower in phosphorus, potassium, and sodium than oranges, bananas, or kiwis.
Pineapple is also a good source of fiber and vitamin A, and it contains bromelain, an enzyme that
One cup (165 g) of pineapple chunks
- sodium: 2 mg
- potassium: 180 mg
- phosphorus: 13 mg
- protein: 1 g
Cranberries contain phytonutrients called A-type proanthocyanidins. These are antioxidants that may prevent urinary tract and kidney infections
Cranberries are also low in potassium, phosphorus, and sodium.
There are close links between urinary tract infections (UTI) and kidney infections, and a UTI
You can eat cranberries dried, cooked, fresh, or as a juice.
One cup (100 g) of whole, fresh cranberries
- sodium: 2 mg
- potassium: 80 mg
- phosphorus: 11 mg
- protein: 0.5 g
Shiitake mushrooms are a savory ingredient that you can use as a plant-based meat substitute. Theyre suitable for people with kidney disease who follow a plant-based diet and anyone on a renal diet who needs to limit their protein intake.
Theyre an excellent source of B vitamins, copper, manganese, and selenium. They also provide a good amount of plant-based protein and dietary fiber.
Shiitake mushrooms are lower in potassium, sodium, and phosphorus than
One cup (145 g) of cooked shiitake mushroom pieces without added salt
- sodium: 6 mg
- potassium: 170 mg
- phosphorus: 42 mg
- protein: 2 g
What is the best diet for kidney disease and kidney failure?
It
How can I make my kidneys stronger again?
The National Kidney Foundation recommends the following to help keep your kidneys healthy:
- manage high blood pressure levels
- maintain ideal blood sugar levels
- avoid eating too much protein
- lower your salt intake
- avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), aspirin, and naproxen (Naprosyn)
- get your annual flu shot
What is the best drink for healthy kidneys?
Water is the best option as it flushes out the kidneys without adding stress due to toxins. Theres also
Unsweetened cranberry juice is also a good option, as it contains antioxidants that may help protect the kidneys from infections. You might also try rice milk thats not enriched with potassium or phosphorus.
Limit or avoid alcohol, as this can increase your chances of developing several health problems.
What are 10 foods that are bad for the kidneys?
Foods to avoid if you have kidney disease are mainly those that are high in sodium, phosphorus, or both.
Here are some items to avoid or limit:
- processed foods or premade meals, which tend to have added sodium
- canned foods with added salt opt for salt-free or rinse them before using them
- large portions of protein foods, such as meat or dairy foods
- high fat items and any food thats not heart healthy
- alcohol
- packaged foods with labels that have PHOS on them (standing for phosphorus)
- deli meats
- bran cereals and oatmeal
Learn more about which foods to avoid if you have kidney disease.
People with kidney disease have to manage their intake of phosphorus, salt, and potassium. At certain stages, they may also need to limit their protein intake.
As nutritional needs and restrictions change during the course of the disease, its best to speak with a doctor before making any dietary changes. They will help you work out a diet suitable for you.
Suitable options may include chicken, shiitake mushrooms, cranberries, macadamia nuts, and a wide range of other tasty and nutritious foods.
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