kidney failure dog prognosis

Kidney Disease in Dogs: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment

Your dogs kidneys are essential organs that filter waste products from the bloodstream. When the kidneys are weakened, either by acute or chronic kidney disease, your dogs health could suffer. Because kidney disease progresses over time, its important to learn the common symptoms so tha you can recognize them. If you catch kidney disease in dogs early on, treatment can slow down the progression and allow your dog to live longer.

What Is Kidney Disease in Dogs?

Kidney disease in dogs is sometimes called renal or kidney insufficiency because it occurs when a dogs kidneys stop doing their job as efficiently as they should. The main job of the kidneys is to help clear and excrete waste products from the blood and convert them to urine, says Dr. Jerry Klein, Chief Veterinary Officer for the AKC. If the kidneys are not working properly, these waste products can build up in the blood, causing detrimental effects.

Dogs can get either acute kidney disease, which develops suddenly, or chronic kidney disease (CKD), which develops slowly and worsens over an extended period. Both involve loss of kidney function, but they result from different circumstances. Acute kidney disease is a sudden attack or injury to the kidney, whereas chronic kidney disease is a slow, degenerative loss of kidney function, Dr. Klein explains.

What Causes Kidney Disease in Dogs?

Dr. Klein warns that kidney disease could be caused by a lot of things, including infection (such as with the bacteria that causes leptospirosis), trauma, genetics, drugs, toxins, cancer, mechanical obstructions (like kidney stones), and degenerative diseases (where the job and form of the affected body part get worse over time). Anything that decreases blood flow to the kidneys, such as dehydration or heatstroke, can cause the kidneys to fail.

Acute kidney disease in dogs can be caused by exposure to hazardous materials, including toxic plants such as lilies, certain drugs, harmful foods such as grapes or raisins, or antifreeze. Puppy-proofing your home and yard can keep your dog away from potentially harmful items or foods that could be toxic.

Chronic kidney disease in dogs is also associated with growing older. Because kidney tissue cant regenerate once its damaged, the kidneys can wear out over time. As small-breed dogs often live longer than large-breed dogs, they tend to show early signs of kidney disease at an older age10 years old or more, compared to as young as 7 for the large breeds.

What Are the Symptoms of Kidney Disease in Dogs?

The earliest signs of kidney disease in dogs are increased urination and therefore increased thirst. Other symptoms dont usually become apparent until about two-thirds of the kidney tissue is destroyed. So, in the case of CKD, the damage may have begun months or even years before the owner notices. Because of this, its common for the signs of kidney disease in dogs to seem like they came out of the blue when in fact, the kidneys have been struggling for a long time.

Other signs of chronic kidney disease in dogs to watch for include:

Dr. Klein says there are some rarer symptoms of kidney disease in dogs to be aware of, as well. On occasion, there can be abdominal painurinary obstructions or stonesand in certain instances, one can see ulcers in the oral or gastric cavity. In extreme cases, little or no urine is produced at all.

What Are the Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs?

Kidney disease in dogs is measured in stages. Many veterinarians use the IRIS scale, which has four stages. Blood work measurements like creatinine and SDMA (biomarkers for kidney function) allow your vet to assign your dog to a particular stage which will determine the exact treatment.

Dr. Klein explains, The stages determine how well the kidneys can filter waste and extra fluid from the blood. As the stages go up, the kidney function worsens. In the early stages of CKD, the kidneys are still able to filter out waste from the blood. In the latter stages, the kidneys must work harder to filter the blood and in late stages may stop working altogether.

How Is Kidney Disease in Dogs Treated?

Dialysis (a medical procedure that removes waste products and extra fluid from the blood) is far more common in humans than in dogs, although peritoneal (kidney) dialysis can be performed in some cases. On rare occasions, surgical kidney transplant is possible in dogs.

But Dr. Klein specifies that depending on the type and stage of kidney disease, the main treatments for CKD are diet changes and administration of fluids, either directly into the veins (intravenous) or under the skin (subcutaneous). The balancing and correction of electrolytes are extremely important in the management of kidney patients, he explains.

Proper nutrition is needed, and there are many available diets formulated for cats and dogs with kidney issues, some by prescription only. Your veterinarian can help guide you to the most appropriate diet for your pet.

Because kidney disease, particularly in the late stages, can cause a dog to lose their appetite, it can be difficult to encourage your dog to eat enough. Dr. Klein advises, There are medications used as appetite stimulators available, such as the prescription drug mirtazapine. Capromorelin has recently been FDA-approved for dogs to address appetite in chronic kidney disease.

When Do You Need to Call Your Vet?

The prognosis and expected life span for a dog with kidney disease depend on the type of disease, the speed of progression, and underlying conditions present in the dog. However, the more serious the disease, the poorer the outcome. Thats why its so crucial to catch the illness early on.

According to Dr. Klein, In chronic kidney disease, there are methods, such as diets and medications, that can be used to lessen the burden of work the kidneys need to do and may help slow down the progression from one stage to the next. In acute kidney disease, there is less time and fewer choices available to prevent further damage to the kidneys and to try to jump-start the kidneys to get them to function normally.

Regular veterinary exams, including bloodwork, are an excellent way to spot kidney problems before the outward symptoms become apparent. And if you notice any of the above signs, dont hesitate to get your dog to the vet for further testing. It can make a huge difference in preserving kidney function and your dogs well-being for as long as possible.

Canine Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Diagnostics and Goals for Long-Term Management

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Kidney Failure In Old Dogs

[ad_1]As our furry companions age, its important to be aware of the potential health issues they may face, including kidney failure. Kidney failure in old dogs can be a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, but with proper care and management, many dogs can still enjoy a good quality of life. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies for kidney failure in old dogs. We will also discuss interesting trends related to this topic, as well as common concerns and answers that pet owners may have.

Kidney failure, also known as renal failure, occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to function properly and filter waste products from the blood. This can lead to a buildup of toxins in the body, which can cause a range of symptoms and complications. There are two main types of kidney failure in dogs: acute kidney failure, which develops suddenly and is often caused by toxins or infections, and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly over time and is commonly seen in older dogs.

One interesting trend related to kidney failure in old dogs is the increasing prevalence of the condition in senior canine patients. As dogs are living longer thanks to advances in veterinary care, they are more likely to develop age-related health issues such as kidney failure. This trend highlights the importance of regular veterinary check-ups for senior dogs, as early detection and intervention can help improve outcomes for dogs with kidney failure.

Another trend in the field of kidney failure in old dogs is the growing popularity of alternative and complementary therapies for managing the condition. While traditional treatments such as fluid therapy and dietary management are still commonly used, many pet owners are exploring options such as acupuncture, herbal supplements, and massage therapy to support their dogs kidney health. While more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of these therapies, they may offer additional benefits for some dogs with kidney failure.

Many pet owners are seeking out alternative therapies to complement traditional treatments for kidney failure in old dogs, says a holistic veterinarian. While these therapies may not be a substitute for medical intervention, they can help support the overall health and well-being of dogs with kidney failure.

One concerning trend in the field of kidney failure in old dogs is the increasing prevalence of risk factors such as obesity and poor diet. Factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, and a diet high in protein and phosphorus can all contribute to the development of kidney failure in dogs. As pet obesity rates continue to rise, it is important for pet owners to be aware of the impact that lifestyle factors can have on their dogs kidney health.

Obesity is a major risk factor for kidney failure in dogs, as it can put added strain on the kidneys and increase the risk of developing complications, says a veterinary nutritionist. Maintaining a healthy weight through proper diet and exercise is crucial for preventing kidney failure in old dogs.

Another concerning trend in the field of kidney failure in old dogs is the lack of awareness among pet owners about the signs and symptoms of the condition. Many dogs with kidney failure may not show obvious symptoms in the early stages of the disease, which can make it challenging for pet owners to recognize when their dog is in need of medical attention. Common symptoms of kidney failure in dogs include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, lethargy, and poor appetite.

Early detection is key when it comes to managing kidney failure in old dogs, says a veterinary internal medicine specialist. Pet owners should be vigilant for signs of kidney disease, such as changes in drinking and urination habits, and seek veterinary care promptly if they notice any concerning symptoms.

One positive trend in the management of kidney failure in old dogs is the development of specialized diets and supplements designed to support kidney function. These diets are low in protein, phosphorus, and sodium, which can help reduce the workload on the kidneys and slow the progression of the disease. Supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants may also be beneficial for dogs with kidney failure, as they can help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.

Specialized diets and supplements can play a crucial role in managing kidney failure in old dogs, says a veterinary nutritionist. These nutritional interventions can help support kidney function and improve the overall quality of life for dogs with kidney disease.

Despite the challenges of managing kidney failure in old dogs, there are many common concerns and questions that pet owners may have about the condition. Here are 15 common concerns and answers related to kidney failure in old dogs:

1. What are the causes of kidney failure in old dogs?

Kidney failure in old dogs can be caused by a variety of factors, including age-related changes, infections, toxins, and underlying health conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes.

2. What are the symptoms of kidney failure in old dogs?

Common symptoms of kidney failure in dogs include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, lethargy, poor appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea.

3. How is kidney failure diagnosed in old dogs?

Kidney failure in dogs is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, blood tests, urine tests, and imaging studies such as x-rays and ultrasounds.

4. What are the treatment options for kidney failure in old dogs?

Treatment for kidney failure in old dogs may include fluid therapy, dietary management, medications to control symptoms, and supportive care to help maintain kidney function.

5. Can kidney failure in old dogs be prevented?

While some risk factors for kidney failure, such as age and breed, cannot be changed, pet owners can help reduce the risk of kidney disease by maintaining a healthy weight, feeding a balanced diet, and providing regular veterinary care.

6. How can I support my dogs kidney health?

To support your dogs kidney health, it is important to provide a balanced diet, plenty of fresh water, regular exercise, and routine veterinary check-ups to monitor kidney function.

7. Can alternative therapies help manage kidney failure in old dogs?

While alternative therapies such as acupuncture and herbal supplements may offer additional benefits for dogs with kidney failure, they should be used in conjunction with traditional treatments under the guidance of a veterinary professional.

8. How long can a dog live with kidney failure?

The prognosis for dogs with kidney failure depends on the underlying cause, the stage of the disease, and the management plan. With proper care and treatment, many dogs with kidney failure can still enjoy a good quality of life for months to years.

9. Are there any breed-specific risks for kidney failure in dogs?

Some breeds, such as Cocker Spaniels, Doberman Pinschers, and Shih Tzus, may be more prone to developing kidney disease. Pet owners of these breeds should be especially vigilant for signs of kidney failure as their dogs age.

10. What role does genetics play in kidney failure in dogs?

Genetics can play a role in the development of kidney failure in dogs, as some breeds may have a higher risk of inheriting genetic mutations that predispose them to kidney disease. Pet owners should be aware of their dogs breed and family history when monitoring for signs of kidney failure.

11. Can kidney failure in old dogs be reversed?

While kidney failure is a progressive and irreversible condition, early detection and intervention can help slow the progression of the disease and improve outcomes for dogs with kidney failure.

12. How can I help my dog manage symptoms of kidney failure?

To help manage symptoms of kidney failure in dogs, pet owners can work closely with their veterinarian to develop a treatment plan that includes medications, dietary changes, and supportive care to help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.

13. Are there any complications associated with kidney failure in dogs?

Complications of kidney failure in dogs can include electrolyte imbalances, high blood pressure, anemia, and fluid retention. Regular veterinary monitoring and management can help prevent and address these complications.

14. Can kidney failure in dogs be fatal?

Untreated kidney failure in dogs can be fatal, as the buildup of toxins in the body can lead to severe complications such as uremic poisoning and organ failure. Early detection and intervention are crucial for improving the prognosis for dogs with kidney failure.

15. How can I provide the best care for my dog with kidney failure?

To provide the best care for a dog with kidney failure, pet owners should work closely with their veterinarian to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses their dogs individual needs and helps maintain their quality of life for as long as possible.

In summary, kidney failure in old dogs is a complex and challenging condition that requires careful management and ongoing support to help dogs maintain a good quality of life. By staying informed about the causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies for kidney failure, pet owners can help ensure that their senior canine companions receive the best possible care. With early detection, appropriate interventions, and a holistic approach to treatment, many dogs with kidney failure can continue to enjoy happy and healthy lives for years to come.[ad_2]