kidney disease in dogs how long do they live
Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) in Dogs
What Is Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs?
Chronic renal failure (CRF), renal insufficiency, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are all medical terms used to describe the same condition. It occurs when the kidneys are unable to perform their required tasks at the same level of efficiency as before.
Dogs have two kidneys located on either side of their abdomen, that play a vital role in filtering waste from the body. Additionally, the kidneys serve to regulate fluid, mineral, and electrolyte balance; conserve water and protein; and play an important role in maintaining blood pressure and red blood cell production by making a hormone called erythropoietin.
Dogs cannot survive without their kidneys, and unfortunately, kidney transplants are yet to be a viable solution. Dialysis (a treatment for failing kidneys including the removal of waste) is often expensive and is extremely rare in dogs. However, early diagnosis and intervention is key to help maintain your dogs quality of life.
Once diagnosed, CRF is then classified into four different stages based on severity of clinical signs and laboratory values:
Stage I: Clinical signs usually not apparent
Stage II: Some clinical signs noted
Stage III: Many clinical signs noted, and pets often feel sick
Stage IV: Majority of clinical signs noted, pets often present as a crisis
Causes of Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs
The term chronic in chronic renal failure means that the process has been ongoing, is progressive, and unfortunately, cannot be reversed. For some dogs, the disease could have occurred after a serious kidney injury such as from a severe infection (i.e., leptospirosis, pyelonephritis) or ingestion of a toxic substance such as anti-freeze, grapes, or raisins, and certain antibiotics.
For others, it could be inherited, such as with glomerular disease (a specific type of renal kidney disease) and amyloidosis (a rare organ disease) as seen in breeds like the Bernese Mountain Dog and Shar-pei.
For others, it could be attributed to underlying immune-mediated diseases, stroke-like events, or even from clotting disorders. In cases for newly diagnosed dogs the underlying cause will likely remain unknown.
Symptoms of Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs
Clinical signs are often related to the severity of the CRF stage, meaning there are additional and more severe signs noted with stages III and IV than there are with stages I and II. Dogs often exhibit symptoms including:
Foul breath
Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Some dogs may show muscle wasting and signs attributed to high blood pressure, such as vision loss and weakness.
How Veterinarians Diagnose Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs
CRF is often diagnosed based on routine blood work and a urinalysis looking specifically at kidney markers such as:
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): A by-product of protein metabolism, higher values can often indicate kidney failure
Creatinine (CREA): Measures how well kidneys are filtering waste from blood
Phosphorous: Elevated phosphorus levels typically indicate kidney damage
Electrolytes (Sodium, potassium, chloride)
Calcium
Red blood cell count: A low red blood cell count may indicate kidney failure
Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA): An additional test to help determine if kidney disease is present; it can be used for early detection of kidney disease
Urine specific gravity: A marker of how diluted or concentrated the urine is. Usually the higher the number, the more concentrated the urine is and the greater ability of the kidney to conserve water.
Your veterinarian will most likely recommend additional diagnostic testing, including:
A urine protein to creatinine (UPC) ratio to quantify how much protein is being lost in the urine
A urine culture, as dogs in CKD are more likely to acquire urinary tract infections
A blood pressure evaluation
Radiographs or abdominal ultrasound to screen for kidney stones or infarcts (areas of dead tissue)
Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs
Dogs with CRF are generally older and have other ongoing issues, such as arthritis or liver disease, and so the management of CRF can be challenging. However, CRF can be managed, mostly with the aid of medications, diet, and hydration.
Specific management is geared toward each stage of the disease, with each progressive stage recommendations built upon the previous stage recommendations. Any dog in any stage with an increase in either UPC (urine protein to creatinine ratio) or high blood pressure will most likely be treated with medication.
Throughout your dogs life, any disease process or illness that could affect his hydration should be treated promptly with IV fluids. Other drugs will be prescribed based on the dogs diagnosis since renal metabolism will be affected and can lead to overdosages and/or worsening of the kidney disease.
Additionally, for all stages, fresh water should always be available, drinking should be encouraged, and adequate nutrition should be given daily. Dogs diagnosed with CRF are most likely prescribed a kidney friendly diet, which may include feeding your dog a canned diet of wet food that contains additional water.
Recovery and Prevention of Chronic Renal Failure in Dogs
As chronic renal failure is not curable and often progressive (although the timeline is variable) in nature, dogs diagnosed early on will benefit from nutritional management and consistent veterinary attention, which may include more frequent check-ups and blood work.
Dogs in stages I and II may often be monitored for further progression of signs, and some may be given a prescription diet specifically geared to help the kidney, by limiting the amount of work they must do.
Many dogs can go on to have a decent quality of life for many months to years. Dogs in stages III and IV often require more medical and dietary assistance. If secondary anemia is present, erythropoietin injections can be given at the direction of your veterinarian.
Dietary supplements, and phosphorus binders (to treat high phosphorus levels) may also be given for low potassium. Anti-nausea and anti-emetic (anti-vomiting) medications can also be prescribed for dogs with a poor appetite, vomiting, or nausea. Fluids given either intravenously or underneath the skin can help dehydration. Because of the severity of signs often seen in dogs with stage III and IV, and the amount of care and effort required to support these dogs, some may be humanely euthanized.
Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) In Dogs FAQs
How long can a dog live with kidney failure without treatment?
Left untreated, dogs in kidney failure will die, usually within a few days to a few weeks. Death is often preceded by loss of appetite, dehydration, weight loss, vomiting, and multi-organ failure.
Can dogs recover from chronic renal failure?
There is no cure for CRF. However, if CRF is caught early and managed correctly, most dogs that experience kidney disease can go on to live a relatively normal life with some changes and long-term management.
Can chronic renal failure in dogs be reversed?
While CRF is not reversible, early treatment can provide your pet with a happier, longer, and fuller life. Regular, semi-annual checkups are key to early diagnosis and treatment of the development of chronic renal disease.
Featured Image: iStock.com/Korneeva_Kristina
WRITTEN BY
Michael Kearley, DVMVeterinarian
Dr. Michael Kearley graduated from the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine in 2013. He graduated with a certificate in...
How Long Can A Dog Live With Kidney Disease
[ad_1]As a pet owner, one of the most devastating diagnoses you can receive for your beloved furry friend is kidney disease. Kidney disease in dogs is a serious condition that can significantly impact their quality of life and life expectancy. In this article, we will explore how long a dog can live with kidney disease, as well as some interesting trends, common concerns, and expert opinions on the topic.
How Long Can A Dog Live With Kidney Disease?
The prognosis for a dog with kidney disease depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the underlying cause, and the overall health of the dog. In general, dogs with kidney disease can live for several months to a few years with proper treatment and management. However, the progression of the disease can vary greatly from one dog to another.
1. Trend: Increasing incidence of kidney disease in dogs.
There has been a noticeable increase in the number of dogs diagnosed with kidney disease in recent years. This trend is believed to be due to a combination of factors, including a greater awareness of the disease among pet owners, improved diagnostic techniques, and an aging dog population.
I have definitely seen an uptick in the number of cases of kidney disease in dogs in my practice. Its a concerning trend that highlights the importance of regular veterinary check-ups and early detection, says a veterinary nephrologist.
2. Trend: Advances in treatment options for kidney disease.
Advances in veterinary medicine have led to a variety of treatment options for dogs with kidney disease. These treatments can help slow the progression of the disease, manage symptoms, and improve the dogs quality of life. Some common treatments include dietary changes, medication, fluid therapy, and supportive care.
With the advancements in veterinary medicine, we now have more options than ever to help dogs with kidney disease. Its important for pet owners to work closely with their veterinarian to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to their dogs specific needs, says a veterinary internal medicine specialist.
3. Trend: Growing interest in alternative therapies for kidney disease.
In addition to traditional treatment options, there has been a growing interest in alternative therapies for kidney disease in dogs. These therapies may include acupuncture, herbal supplements, and dietary supplements. While some pet owners swear by these alternative treatments, its important to consult with a veterinarian before starting any new therapy.
I have had some clients inquire about alternative therapies for their dogs with kidney disease. While Im open to exploring these options, I always stress the importance of evidence-based medicine and working in conjunction with traditional treatments, says a holistic veterinarian.
4. Trend: Focus on early detection and prevention of kidney disease.
As with many health conditions, early detection and prevention are key when it comes to kidney disease in dogs. Regular veterinary check-ups, blood tests, and urine tests can help catch the disease in its early stages when treatment is most effective. Additionally, maintaining a healthy diet, providing plenty of fresh water, and managing underlying health conditions can help prevent kidney disease from developing.
Its crucial for pet owners to be proactive when it comes to their dogs kidney health. By focusing on early detection and prevention, we can improve outcomes and give dogs with kidney disease a better quality of life, says a veterinary nutritionist.
Common Concerns and Answers Related to Kidney Disease in Dogs:
1. Concern: How long can a dog live with kidney disease?
Answer: The life expectancy of a dog with kidney disease can vary depending on the stage of the disease, the underlying cause, and the dogs overall health. With proper treatment and management, many dogs can live for several months to a few years after being diagnosed with kidney disease.
2. Concern: What are the symptoms of kidney disease in dogs?
Answer: Common symptoms of kidney disease in dogs may include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, decreased appetite, vomiting, and lethargy. If you notice any of these symptoms in your dog, its important to consult with a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis.
3. Concern: Can kidney disease be cured in dogs?
Answer: Unfortunately, kidney disease in dogs is usually not curable. However, with early detection and proper treatment, the progression of the disease can be slowed, and symptoms can be managed to improve the dogs quality of life.
4. Concern: What are the treatment options for kidney disease in dogs?
Answer: Treatment options for kidney disease in dogs may include dietary changes, medication, fluid therapy, and supportive care. Your veterinarian will work with you to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to your dogs specific needs.
5. Concern: Can kidney disease be prevented in dogs?
Answer: While kidney disease cannot always be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk. This includes maintaining a healthy diet, providing plenty of fresh water, and managing underlying health conditions that can contribute to kidney disease.
6. Concern: How does kidney disease impact a dogs quality of life?
Answer: Kidney disease can significantly impact a dogs quality of life, leading to symptoms such as increased thirst and urination, weight loss, and lethargy. However, with proper treatment and management, many dogs can still enjoy a good quality of life.
7. Concern: What is the role of diet in managing kidney disease in dogs?
Answer: Diet plays a crucial role in managing kidney disease in dogs. A special kidney diet that is low in protein, phosphorus, and sodium can help reduce the workload on the kidneys and slow the progression of the disease.
8. Concern: Is kidney disease more common in certain breeds of dogs?
Answer: While kidney disease can affect any breed of dog, some breeds may be more predisposed to the condition. Breeds such as the Samoyed, Bull Terrier, and Cairn Terrier are known to be at higher risk for developing kidney disease.
9. Concern: Can kidney disease in dogs be hereditary?
Answer: In some cases, kidney disease in dogs can have a hereditary component. Certain genetic mutations may increase the risk of developing kidney disease. If you have a dog with a family history of kidney disease, its important to discuss this with your veterinarian.
10. Concern: How often should a dog with kidney disease be monitored by a veterinarian?
Answer: Dogs with kidney disease should be regularly monitored by a veterinarian to assess their kidney function, monitor their symptoms, and adjust their treatment plan as needed. The frequency of monitoring appointments will depend on the severity of the disease and the dogs response to treatment.
11. Concern: Can kidney disease in dogs lead to other health complications?
Answer: Kidney disease in dogs can lead to a variety of health complications, including high blood pressure, anemia, and urinary tract infections. Its important to work closely with your veterinarian to manage these complications and provide the best care for your dog.
12. Concern: What is the cost of treating kidney disease in dogs?
Answer: The cost of treating kidney disease in dogs can vary depending on the severity of the disease, the treatment options chosen, and the overall health of the dog. Pet insurance can help offset some of these costs, so its important to consider this when planning for your dogs healthcare.
13. Concern: How can I support my dog with kidney disease at home?
Answer: Supporting a dog with kidney disease at home involves providing a healthy diet, plenty of fresh water, and a comfortable environment. Its also important to administer medication as directed by your veterinarian and monitor your dogs symptoms closely.
14. Concern: What is the role of medication in managing kidney disease in dogs?
Answer: Medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms of kidney disease, such as high blood pressure, anemia, and nausea. Its important to follow your veterinarians instructions for administering medication and to report any side effects or concerns.
15. Concern: When is it time to consider euthanasia for a dog with kidney disease?
Answer: Making the decision to euthanize a dog with kidney disease is never easy. Its important to consider your dogs quality of life, the progression of the disease, and their overall well-being when making this decision. Your veterinarian can help guide you through this difficult process.
In summary, kidney disease in dogs is a serious condition that requires careful management and treatment. With early detection, proper care, and a proactive approach to your dogs health, many dogs with kidney disease can enjoy a good quality of life for months to years. By staying informed, working closely with your veterinarian, and providing the best care for your furry friend, you can help them live a longer and happier life despite their diagnosis.[ad_2]
