kidney disease dogs prognosis

Canine Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Diagnostics and Goals for Long-Term Management

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Canine Kidney Disease Prognosis

Canine kidney disease can occur in dogs of any breed, butaffect mostly senior dogs over the age of 7. Some breeds are moresusceptible to the disease. Kidney disease is signaled by increasedthirst and increased frequency of urination and may lead to kidneyfailure. Kidney disease can be manageable with medication, but thecondition is severe and leads to irreversible kidney failure, theprognosis is poor.

Causes of Kidney Disease

Kidney disease in dogs is most frequently idiopathic, so it has no determined cause.

Kidney disease in dogs may occur as part of the aging process, as the kidney function will decline.

Kidney disease can also be caused by:

• Poisoning
• Kidney infections
• High calcium levels
• Kidney stones
• Chronic urinary infections
• Tumors
• The lengthy administration of certain drugs

Symptoms of Canine Kidney Disease

The symptoms of canine kidney disease include increased thirst andwater intake and increased urination. The dog will drink more water,trying to get rid of the waste that cannot be eliminated through thekidneys and are present in the blood flow.

The dog will be less active, will lack appetite and lose weight.

Bad breath or halitosis is frequent in dogs with kidney problems.

Other symptoms include:

• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Exercise intolerance

Treatment Options

The treatment will depend on the cause and the severity of the kidney disease.

A change in diet is required to take some workload off the kidneys.The vet will prescribe a special formula wet food that is lower inprotein, sodium, phosphorus and calcium.

If the disease is irreversible and renal failure occurs, the dogwill receive medication to control the nausea and the other upsettingsymptoms.

Fluid therapy may be required for dogs with severe kidney disease.

Frequent complications of kidney disease include kidney failure,stomatitis in the mouth, stomach ulcer, anemia, low red blood cellcount, high blood pressure and urinary tract infections. If thesecomplications occur, treatment should be prescribed to manage thesesecondary conditions.

Kidney Disease Prognosis

The kidneys are vital organs and their main functions includeexcretion, waste filtering from the blood flow to the urine,conservation of fluids or production of hormones (i.e. erythropoietin).

Kidney disease can be a reversible condition if it is caused bypoisoning or if the disease is a side effect of the administration ofcertain drugs. If the toxic substances are removed from the dogs bloodflow or the medication is discontinued, the dogs kidneys will get backto their normal function.

If the condition is caused by old age and the function of thekidneys is progressively declining, the prognosis is poor, as thecondition is irreversible. The treatment will not improve the dogscondition, but may ease the pain and the symptoms of the disease. Thedisease will turn into chronic renal failure and the dog may die in afew months up to 1 year.

Stage 2 Kidney Disease Dog Life Expectancy

[ad_1]Kidney disease is a common ailment that affects many dogs as they age. Stage 2 kidney disease in dogs is a serious issue that requires careful management to ensure the best quality of life for our furry friends. In this article, we will explore the life expectancy of dogs with stage 2 kidney disease, as well as discuss some interesting trends, common concerns, and answers related to this topic.

Stage 2 kidney disease in dogs is characterized by a mild decrease in kidney function. While it is a serious condition, with proper management and treatment, dogs with stage 2 kidney disease can still live a good quality of life. The life expectancy of dogs with stage 2 kidney disease can vary depending on various factors such as the underlying cause of the disease, the age of the dog, and how well the disease is managed.

Interesting Trends:

1. Holistic Approach: Many pet owners are now turning to holistic approaches to manage stage 2 kidney disease in their dogs. This can include dietary changes, herbal supplements, and acupuncture. While it may not be a cure, it can help improve the overall well-being of the dog, says a holistic veterinarian.

2. Increased Awareness: There has been a significant increase in awareness about kidney disease in dogs in recent years. This has led to more early detection and proactive management of the disease, which can ultimately improve the prognosis for affected dogs, says a veterinary nephrologist.

3. Personalized Treatment Plans: Veterinarians are now focusing more on creating personalized treatment plans for dogs with stage 2 kidney disease. This can include tailored diets, medication regimens, and monitoring schedules to ensure the best possible outcome for each individual dog, says a veterinary nutritionist.

4. Advances in Veterinary Medicine: Advances in veterinary medicine have led to the development of new treatment options for dogs with kidney disease. From novel medications to innovative surgical procedures, there are now more options available to help manage this condition, says a veterinary surgeon.

5. Supportive Care: Supportive care is crucial in managing stage 2 kidney disease in dogs. This can include fluid therapy, nutritional support, and regular check-ups to monitor kidney function. With proper supportive care, dogs with kidney disease can live a longer and more comfortable life, says a veterinary internist.

6. Importance of Monitoring: Regular monitoring of kidney function is essential in dogs with stage 2 kidney disease. This can help veterinarians adjust treatment plans as needed and catch any complications early on. Monitoring can also provide valuable insights into the progression of the disease, says a veterinary technician.

7. Quality of Life: While stage 2 kidney disease in dogs can be challenging, it is important to focus on maintaining the best quality of life possible for affected dogs. This can include managing symptoms, providing a comfortable environment, and ensuring they receive plenty of love and attention, says a veterinary behaviorist.

Common Concerns and Answers:

1. Concern: Will my dogs life expectancy be significantly shortened with stage 2 kidney disease?

Answer: While stage 2 kidney disease can impact a dogs life expectancy, with proper management and treatment, many dogs can still live a good quality of life for several years.

2. Concern: What are the common symptoms of stage 2 kidney disease in dogs?

Answer: Common symptoms can include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, decreased appetite, vomiting, and lethargy. If you notice any of these signs, it is important to consult with your veterinarian.

3. Concern: Can stage 2 kidney disease be cured in dogs?

Answer: Unfortunately, there is no cure for kidney disease in dogs. However, with proper management and treatment, the progression of the disease can be slowed, and symptoms can be managed effectively.

4. Concern: What is the best diet for a dog with stage 2 kidney disease?

Answer: A low-protein, low-phosphorus diet is often recommended for dogs with kidney disease. Your veterinarian can provide guidance on the best diet for your dog based on their individual needs.

5. Concern: Are there any medications that can help manage stage 2 kidney disease in dogs?

Answer: There are medications available that can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of kidney disease in dogs. Your veterinarian can recommend the most appropriate treatment plan for your dog.

6. Concern: How often should my dog with stage 2 kidney disease be monitored by a veterinarian?

Answer: Regular monitoring of kidney function is important for dogs with stage 2 kidney disease. Your veterinarian will recommend a monitoring schedule based on your dogs individual needs.

7. Concern: Can alternative therapies such as acupuncture or herbal supplements help manage stage 2 kidney disease in dogs?

Answer: Some pet owners have found success with alternative therapies in managing kidney disease in dogs. It is important to consult with a veterinarian before trying any alternative treatments.

8. Concern: Will my dog require hospitalization for stage 2 kidney disease?

Answer: Hospitalization may be necessary in some cases, especially if your dog is experiencing severe symptoms or complications. Your veterinarian will determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your dog.

9. Concern: Can stage 2 kidney disease be prevented in dogs?

Answer: While it may not be possible to prevent kidney disease entirely, maintaining a healthy lifestyle for your dog, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, can help reduce the risk of developing kidney disease.

10. Concern: How can I ensure my dog with stage 2 kidney disease is comfortable?

Answer: Providing a comfortable environment for your dog, including a soft bed, plenty of water, and regular walks, can help ensure they are as comfortable as possible while managing their condition.

11. Concern: Will my dogs diet need to be adjusted as their kidney disease progresses?

Answer: It is likely that your dogs diet will need to be adjusted as their kidney disease progresses. Your veterinarian will provide guidance on the best diet for each stage of the disease.

12. Concern: Can stage 2 kidney disease in dogs lead to other health complications?

Answer: Kidney disease can increase the risk of other health complications such as high blood pressure, anemia, and urinary tract infections. It is important to monitor your dog closely for any signs of additional health issues.

13. Concern: Can stage 2 kidney disease in dogs be managed at home?

Answer: With proper guidance from your veterinarian, many aspects of managing stage 2 kidney disease in dogs can be done at home, including administering medications, monitoring symptoms, and providing a suitable diet.

14. Concern: How can I help my dog with stage 2 kidney disease maintain a good quality of life?

Answer: Providing plenty of love and attention, regular exercise, mental stimulation, and a comfortable environment can all help improve the quality of life for a dog with stage 2 kidney disease.

15. Concern: Are there any support groups or resources available for owners of dogs with stage 2 kidney disease?

Answer: There are several online resources, support groups, and forums available for owners of dogs with kidney disease. These can provide valuable information, support, and guidance on managing the disease.

In summary, stage 2 kidney disease in dogs is a serious condition that requires careful management to ensure the best quality of life for affected dogs. With advances in veterinary medicine, personalized treatment plans, and a holistic approach, many dogs with stage 2 kidney disease can still live a good quality of life. By monitoring symptoms, providing proper care, and working closely with your veterinarian, you can help your furry friend live a comfortable and fulfilling life despite their diagnosis.[ad_2]

Glomerular Disease in Small Animals

Glomerular disease is a well-recognized cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs, may produce acute kidney injury in dogs, and is also occasionally seen in cats with CKD. These animals should be staged and substaged as recommended above ( see Table: Classification of Stages of Kidney Disease, Substages of Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Arterial Blood Pressure (AP) Measurements and Risk of Target Organ Damage, and Substages of Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Proteinuria). Animals with primary glomerular disease as a cause of CKD may have somewhat different clinical and laboratory abnormalities than those with primary tubulointerstitial disease. Although uncommon, urine specific gravity may be inappropriately high for the degree of renal dysfunction, a condition referred to as glomerulotubular imbalance. Damage to the glomerular basement membrane results in albuminuria, which may lead tohypoalbuminemia. Animals may then exhibit signs related to hypoalbuminemia (eg, peripheral edema, hypercoagulability with thrombosis, hypercholesterolemia) instead of or in addition to uremia.

Secondary glomerulopathies, observed as sequelae of systemic or glomerular hypertension in animals with Stage 3 or 4 CKD, are common. Although the overall prevalence of a primary glomerulopathy as an inciting cause is not known, it is apparently more common in dogs than cats.

Immune-mediated glomerulonephropathy is characterized by deposition or in situ formation of immune complexes in the glomerular capillary wall, which then incite inflammatory changes ( see Type III Hypersensitivity Reactions). In one study of dogs, the mean age of presentation for glomerulonephritis was 48 yr; 55% were males, and there was no breed predilection. Immune-mediated glomerulonephritis has been associated with neoplasia, rickettsial diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), heartworm disease, pyometra, chronic septicemia, and adenovirus infection, but it is usually idiopathic. Although multifactorial in origin, the glomerular disease associated with hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus in dogs is rarely attributable to immune complex formation.

In one study of cats with glomerulonephritis, the mean age at presentation was 34 yr; 75% were males, and there was no breed predisposition. Primary glomerular disease in cats is most frequently associated with chronic infection by feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), or feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus but has also been reported in association with neoplasia and systemic inflammatory diseases. The relatively young age and predilection for males reflects the high prevalence of FeLV infection as a cause in reported feline cases.

Familial glomerulopathies as a primary cause of CKD have been reported in several breeds of dogs, including Bernese Mountain Dogs, English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, Doberman Pinschers, Greyhounds, Lhasa Apsos, Poodles, Rottweilers, Samoyeds, Shih Tzus, and Soft-coated Wheaten Terriers. These are not immune complex diseases, although some are characterizedby proteinuria and associated clinical abnormalities that resemble those caused by immune-mediated glomerulonephropathy. Several of these breeds of dogs have genetic defects in collagen structure and function (types III or IV), analogous to hereditary nephropathies in people such as Alport syndrome (hereditary nephritis).

Most cases of amyloidosis ( see Amyloidosis) in dogs and cats, including familial amyloidosis in Chinese Shar-Pei and Abyssinian cats, are reactive, or secondary, amyloidosis. Inthis form of the disease, amyloid A protein is deposited in various tissues after serum levels increase as a result of chronic inflammation. When the kidneys are affected, amyloid deposition in the nonfamilial forms in dogs usually occurs in the glomerulus. However, in Shar-Pei, at least 25% of Abyssinian cats, and in many domestic cats with the nonfamilial form of this disease, amyloid is found primarily in the medullary interstitium, where it interferes with the renal concentrating mechanism and is more likely to produce nonproteinuric CKD than protein-losing glomerular amyloid deposition. In contrast, glomerular amyloidosis usually leads to marked proteinuria. The nonfamilial form of amyloidosis usually affects middle-aged to older dogs and cats. Beagles, Collies, and Walker Hounds are reported to be at increased risk. Animals with the familial form of the disease are usually diagnosed at a younger age.